Puerto Sherry, Spain, showing harbor dredge and lighthouse in lower right. A marina is a harbor with wharfs keeping boats and yachts and with services for recreational boating. A marina may have refueling, washing and repair facilities, ship chandlers, stores and restaurants. A marina may include ground facilities such as parking lots for vehicles and boat trailers. Slipways (or boat ramps) transfer a trailered boat into the water. A marina may have a boat hoist well (a traveling crane) operated by service personnel. A marina may have out-of-water-storage (drystack)  particularly useful out-of-season, and important where water freezes. A marina can often be a great place to A marina differs from a port in that a marina does not handle large passenger ships or cargo from freighters. 
Boats are moored on buoys, on fixed or floating walkways tied to an anchoring piling by a roller or ring mechanism (floating docks, pontoons). Buoys are cheaper to rent but less convenient than being able to walk from land to boat. Harbor shuttles (water taxis), may transfer people between the shore and boats moored on buoys. The alternative is a tender such as an inflatable boat. Facilities offering fuel, boat ramps and stores will normally have a common-use dock set aside for such short term parking needs. Where the tidal range is large, marinas may use locks to maintain the water level for several hours before and after low water. 
This marina in Beachlands, New Zealand has yachts in rows as well as ferryboat service to the central business district of Auckland. Marinas may be owned and operated by a private club, especially yacht clubs  but also as private enterprises or municipal facilities. Marinas may be standalone private businesses, components of a resort, or owned and operated by public entities. They may be located along the banks of rivers connecting to lakes or seas and may be inland, sometimes up to as much as twenty-five kilometers) from the river’s mouth. They are also located on coastal harbors (natural or man made) or coastal lagoons, either as stand alone facilities within a port complex. Fee-based services such as parking, use of picnic areas, pubs, and clubhouses for showers are usually included in long-term rental agreements. Visiting yachtsmen usually have the option of buying each amenity from a fixed schedule of fees; arrangements can be as wide as a single use, such as a shower, or several weeks of temporary berthing. The right to use the facilities is frequently extended at overnight or period rates to visiting yachtsmen. Since marinas are often limited by available space, it may take years on a waiting list to get a permanent berth. "Dry storage" or "dry stacking" (as opposed to on-water marinas) is mainly found in the USA and Europe. Drystack boat storage stores boats vertically in rack systems up to four boats high. It extends the life of the boat by keeping the hull dry, stores a boat for winter on seasonal marinas, and allows for storage of smaller boats in marinas lacking wet slip capacity. Drystack provides advantages to the boating infrastructure of a region by increasing boat storage capacity, optimizing water space use, and reducing road congestion. Older drystack systems use a forklift with negative lift to retrieve the boat from the water and store it in a rack. Newer automated systems use dedicated equipment for lift, transport and storage. In the United Kingdom the word "marina" is also used for inland wharves on rivers and canals that are used exclusively by non-industrial pleasure craft such as canal narrowboats.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia : Marinas |
